Vijesti

2010 / Eye Optics

Eye Optics

24.11.2010

COURSE OF STUDIES: Eye Optics

Course of lectures: Eye Optics

Prof. Božidar Vojniković, Ph.D.

Semester:

Lectures + practicums:

Total:

ECTS points:

2.

2

5

105

8

Objective of course of lectures: To acquire knowledge in eye optics necessary for the understanding of its application in courses of lectures of Refraction and binocular eyesight I and II and Contact lenses I and II

Content of course of lectures:  1. Optical eye system – Gullstrand’s eye scheme; cornea – dioptric strength of first and second order plane and total dioptric strength. Eye lenses – dioptric lenses in accommodation at distance. Vitreous – composition and aberration index. Dioptric strength of eye optic system, eye focus distance, position of main plates in eye optic system, position of knot points, eye axis accommodation, anatomic axis, visual axis. Light sensitivity, adaptation to light, adaptation to dark. Vision sharpness, field of vision and vision angle, vision sharpness testing, in-depth sharpness, creation of picture of object in ametropic eye, distant point, close point, refraction in distant and close points. Accommodation – physiological base of accommodation, accommodation at close and distant, outer and inner accommodation, accommodation area, accommodation width, necessary accommodation, accommodation used, construction of picture of endlessly distant object in ametropic eye, calculation of picture size, construction of picture of object in ultimate distance. 2. Old age far sight – accommodation width with old-sighted eye, correction, optical effect of spectacles at close, determining refraction deficit, working area with monofocal lenses, working area with bifocal lenses, working area with trifocal lenses, picture construction in corrected old-sighted eye. 3. Short-sightedness – Aberrative short-sightedness, axis short-sightedness, refraction in short-sighted eye, refraction of distant point, refraction of close point, accommodation width, accommodation area, size of picture in short-sighted eye, picture construction in short-sighted eye. 4. Far-sightedness – Aberrative far-sightedness, axis far-sightedness, refraction in far-sighted eye, visus, refraction of distant point, refraction of close point, accommodation width, size of picture in far-sighted eye, refraction deficit, calculation of picture size, picture construction in far-sighted eye. 5. Eye without eye lenses – optical signs, refraction of distant point, focus distance, correction lenses, size of picture on retina, looking at close without lenses, correction with spectacle lenses, intraocular lenses, possibility of fixing intraocular lenses, types of intraocular fixation.  6. Astigmatic errors – regular astigmatism, types of astigmatic errors, direction of main cross-sections, focus positions, astigmatic eye refraction, visus, refraction, distant point refraction, close point refraction, size of picture in astigmatic eye, irregular astigmatism, ceratoconus, ceratoconus correction.    7. Binocular vision – physiological and geometrical basis of binocular vision, stereo effect, identical retina points, paralactic angle, fusion – motor, sensory, fusion area, horopter, physiological dyplopia, normal binocular vision, sharpness of stereoscope vision, limit of stereoscope perception, radius of stereoscope vision. 8. Squinting – types of squinting, squinting correction, binocular vision disorder, anisometropy, aniseikonia, correction.             9. Correction of eye errors – correction of axial symmetric errors, correction of astigmatism, correction of squinting, eye-spectacles distance, size of picture on eye retina, accommodation through spectacles, field of vision, vision angle, anisometropy and aniseikonia, correction.

General and specific competences (knowledge and skills):

Students will acquire necessary knowledge on human eye optics, enabling them to foresee and calculate the pictures created in spectacles, contact lenses and eye corrected with intraocular lenses. They will also be able to understand all eye errors and ways to correct them.

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